Formic acid is a dull (colorless), smoldering fluid with a sharp harsh smell. It can be found naturally in the venom of ants.
Formic acid Formula:- HCOOH.
Formic corrosive is methodically named methanoic corrosive. The regular names for basic carboxylic acids originate from the Latin or Greek names of their source. Formic corrosive, in spite of the way that now not, at this point comprehensively utilized as a dissolvable, is of enthusiasm for instance of aprotic dissolvable with exorbitant causticity. Formic corrosive and its salts are destructive and pore and skin sensitizers. Sodium formate is somewhat horrendous to the eyes.
Synonyms – Methanoic acid, Formylic acid, Aminic acid
| HCOOH | Formic Acid |
| Density | 1.22 g/cm³ |
| Molecular Weight/ Molar Mass | 46.03 g/mol |
| Boiling Point | 100.8 °C |
| Melting Point | 8.4 °C |
| Chemical Formula | CH2O2 |
Formic Acid Structure – HCOOH
Physical Properties of Formic Acid – HCOOH
| Odour | Pungent, penetrating odor |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit | 1 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor | 2 |
| Complexity | 10.3 |
| Solubility | Miscible with water |
Chemical Properties of Formic Acid – HCOOH
Formic acid diminishes mercury chloride into calomel framing a white accelerate. The synthetic condition is given below.
HCOOH + 2HgCl2 → Hg2Cl2 + 2HCl + CO2
Formic acid responds with phosphoric pentachloride structures formyl chloride, phosphoryl chloride, and hydrogen chloride.
HCOOH + PCl5 → HCOCl + POCl3 + HCl
Utilized as a blend-in with corrosive or HCl in light of the fact that by itself it cannot dispose of iron oxide stores. Utilized in major mechanical synthetic compounds inside the gathering of immersed monocarboxylic acids. Utilized as a decreasing operator to lessen sodium and potassium dichromate. Helpful material in the coloring and tanning enterprises, however, other contending acids have, generally speaking, be less expensive and the utilization of formic corrosive has in this way been confined to a couple of cases for which it has impossible to miss focal points